Country
UN Women Region
Parliament structure
Electoral system type
Electoral system sub-type
First-past-the-post and closed list proportional representation
Type of legislated quotas
Type of list
Sanctions for non compliance
Lists are rejected
Lists that do not comply are rejected and political parties are given seven days to rectify
Quota for input only OR input and output (quota on results as corrective measure)
Date
Quota target (level) in %
50.00
Women's representation in single/lower house in %
33.50
Quota target met (+/- 2%) (Yes/ No)
Legal Source (name) - Constitution
Constitution, 2015 (amended through 2020)
Legal provisions - Constitution
Articles 84, 86, 91 and 92 of the Constitution states that women should account for at least one-third of total members elected from each party represented in the Federal Parliament. Election for the Speaker and Deputy-Speaker shall be so held that there is one woman out of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker. For the National Assembly (Upper House), there shall be fifty-six elected members including three women and three appointed members including one woman.
Legal Source (name) - Electoral Law
Election to Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, 2007
Legal provisions - Electoral Law
Lower House:
• Political Parties must prepare the closed list ensuring the proportional representation of Women, Dalits, Oppressed tribes/ Indigenous tribes, backward region, Madeshi, and other groups on the basis of the population as referred to in Schedule 1. (Women shall make up 50% of the closed list candidates, including: 15.6% of the Madhesi candidates, 6.5% of the Dalit candidates, 18.9% of the oppressed/ indigenous tribe candidates, 2% of the backward region candidates (Achaham, Kalikot, Jajarkot, Jumla, Dolpa, Bajahang, Bajura, Mugu, and Humla Districts), and 15.1% of the other candidates). (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
• There must be at least 1/3 women candidates of the totals number comprising the number of women candidates to be fielded under the Proportional Electoral System (as referred to in Section 6), and amongst the number of women candidates to be fielded under the First Past The Post Electoral System (as referred to in Section 5). (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
• The Commission shall confirm as to whether representation is made or not after submission to the Commission of the closed list of the candidates received from the Political Parties, and inform the concerned Political Party to make correction therein within seven days. The concerned party shall amend and forward the closed list of candidates within seven days. (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
Upper House: --
• Political Parties must prepare the closed list ensuring the proportional representation of Women, Dalits, Oppressed tribes/ Indigenous tribes, backward region, Madeshi, and other groups on the basis of the population as referred to in Schedule 1. (Women shall make up 50% of the closed list candidates, including: 15.6% of the Madhesi candidates, 6.5% of the Dalit candidates, 18.9% of the oppressed/ indigenous tribe candidates, 2% of the backward region candidates (Achaham, Kalikot, Jajarkot, Jumla, Dolpa, Bajahang, Bajura, Mugu, and Humla Districts), and 15.1% of the other candidates). (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
• There must be at least 1/3 women candidates of the totals number comprising the number of women candidates to be fielded under the Proportional Electoral System (as referred to in Section 6), and amongst the number of women candidates to be fielded under the First Past The Post Electoral System (as referred to in Section 5). (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
• The Commission shall confirm as to whether representation is made or not after submission to the Commission of the closed list of the candidates received from the Political Parties, and inform the concerned Political Party to make correction therein within seven days. The concerned party shall amend and forward the closed list of candidates within seven days. (Election to the Members of the Constituent Assembly Act, article 2.7)
Upper House: --
M49 Code
Intersectionality
Madhesi candidates: women shall make up 15.6% of the Madhesi candidates;
Dalit candidates: women shall make up 6.5% of the Dalit candidates;
Oppressed/indigenous tribes: women shall make up 18.9% of the oppressed/ indigenous tribe candidates;
Backward regions: women shall make up 2% of the backward region candidates (Achaham, Kalikot, Jajarkot, Jumla, Dolpa, Bajahang, Bajura, Mugu, and Humla Districts)
Dalit candidates: women shall make up 6.5% of the Dalit candidates;
Oppressed/indigenous tribes: women shall make up 18.9% of the oppressed/ indigenous tribe candidates;
Backward regions: women shall make up 2% of the backward region candidates (Achaham, Kalikot, Jajarkot, Jumla, Dolpa, Bajahang, Bajura, Mugu, and Humla Districts)
Legislated electoral quota for Upper House (Yes/ No)
Comments
Bicameral parliamentary structure. No quota for Upper House.
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Constitution
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Electoral Law
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Parity Law
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Party Law
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Financing Law
Provisions on gender quotas (Yes/No) - Political Agreement
M49 Region